Scientists have found evidence that the early solar system had a gap between its inner and outer parts.
The cosmic boundary, probably caused by a young man Thursday Or the growing air formed a mixture of minor planets.
In the early solar system, a “protoplanetary disk” of dust and gas orbited the sun and eventually merged with the planets we know today.
New analysis of ancient meteorites by scientists With Elsewhere, there was a mysterious hole inside this disk 4.567 billion years ago, which today is close to where the asteroid belt is.
Team results published on October 15, 2021 Scientific progress, provide direct evidence of this gap.
“Over the past decade, observations have shown that holes, gaps and rings are common on disks surrounding other young stars,” says Benjamin Weiss, professor of planetary sciences in the Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences (EAPS) at MIT. “These are signs of important but poorly understood physical processes by which gas and dust transform into the sun and young planets.”
Likewise, the cause of this gap in our solar system remains a mystery. One possibility is that Jupiter might have an influence. When the gas takes a giant shape, the gas and dust will be pushed toward the outskirts by its immense gravity, leaving a hole in the growing disk.Another explanation may be related to the air emitted from the surface of the disc. Early planetary systems are subject to strong magnetic fields. When these fields interact with the rotating disk of gas and dust, they can leave room for the disk and create air strong enough to expel objects.
Regardless of its appearance, the gap in the early Solar System may have been a cosmic boundary, keeping the material on either side of it out of contact. This physical separation may have shaped the structure of the planets in the solar system. For example, within space, gas and dust combine to form terrestrial planets and terrestrial planets. TuesdayJupiter and its neighboring gas giant planets are at the farthest point where gas and dust form in the icy regions.
“It’s very difficult to bridge that gap, and the planet needs a lot of external torque and momentum,” says Kao Burlina, senior writer and graduate student at EAPS. “Therefore, it provides evidence that the formation of our planets was limited to specific regions in the early solar system.”
Associate editors at Weiss and Borlina include Eduardo Lima, Nilangan Chatterjee, and Elias Munsbach of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. James Bryson of Oxford University; Wu Ning Bai of Xinhua University.Over the past decade, scientists have noticed an interesting crack in the formation of meteorites that hit Earth. These space rocks were formed at different times and places when they first took shape in the solar system. Those analyzed revealed one of two groups of isotopes. An expression for both meteorites is rarely found – a mystery known as an “isotopic dipole”.
Scientists have suggested that this split may be the result of a gap in the disk of the early Solar System, but this gap has not been directly confirmed.
Weiss’ team analyzes meteorites for signs of ancient magnetic fields. When a new planetary system is formed, it carries a magnetic field, the strength and direction of which can change depending on various processes in the developing disk. Due to the addition of old dust in the granules called the controls, the electrons inside the controls correspond to the magnetic field they form.
Controls are smaller than the diameter of a human hair, and today they are found in meteorites. Weiss’ team specializes in measuring controls to determine the ancient magnetic fields they created for the first time.
In previous work, the team analyzed samples from two isotopic groups known as non-carbonaceous meteorites. These rocks are believed to have appeared relatively close to the sun in the “reservoir,” or early solar system. Weiss’ team previously identified the ancient magnetic field in samples from this intimate area.In their new study, the researchers wondered if the magnetic field matches a second isotope, a group of “carbonaceous” meteorites, which, when examined from their isotopic composition, are believed to have appeared far from the Solar System.
They analyzed controls of about 100 μm for each of two carbonaceous meteorites found in Antarctica. Using a superconducting quantum interference instrument or SQUID, a high-resolution microscope in the Weiss lab, the team determined the original primitive magnetic field of each control.
Surprisingly, they found that their field strength was stronger than previously measured non-carbonaceous meteorites. As young planet systems develop, scientists expect the strength of the magnetic field to dissipate with distance from the Sun.
In contrast, Borlina and colleagues found that remote controls have a strong magnetic field of about 100 μm, compared to that of 50 μm when controlled closely. Note that the Earth’s magnetic field today is about 50 microtes.
The magnetic field of a planetary system is a measure of its rate of accumulation or the amount of gas and dust that can be drawn to its center over time. Based on the magnetic field of the carbon controls, the outer part of the solar system should have more mass than the inner part.
Using the models to simulate different situations, a possible explanation for the mismatch in the matrix build-up rates is the conclusion that there is a gap between the inner and outer regions, which reduces the amount of gas and dust toward the Sun. external areas.
“Caps are common in protoplanetary systems, and we are now showing that there is one in our solar system,” says Borlina. “It provides the answer to this strange bipolar disorder that we see in meteorites, and it provides evidence that cavities influence planetary formation.”
